All You Need to Know About Cat Scratch Fever

Cat scratch fever, also known as cat scratch disease, is a bacterial infection. It spreads when a person is scratched, bitten, or licked by a cat that carries the bacteria. Although the disease is not serious, it can cause discomfort. Symptoms of cat scratch fever include fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and redness at the scratch site. It is more severe in people with a weak immune system. Most symptoms go away on their own, but some may require medical assistance.

Causes of Cat Scratch Fever

Cat scratch fever is caused by a bacteria called Bartonella henselae, which is common in cats. Kittens are more likely to carry the bacteria than older cats. The bacteria spread to humans through scratches, bites, or saliva when a cat licks an open wound. Cats usually get these bacteria from fleas, which transmit it through their bites. Some cats do not show symptoms, and even a healthy-looking cat can carry the bacteria. While infection is not common, people who handle stray or outdoor cats have a higher risk. Cleaning scratches immediately and avoiding rough play with cats can help reduce infections.

Symptoms of Cat Scratch Fever

Symptoms of cat scratch fever usually appear within 3 to 14 days after a bite or scratch. The first sign is a red and swollen bump at the scratch site. Other symptoms follow, such as fever, fatigue, and headaches, especially around the head, neck, or arms. In some cases, there may be muscle pain, sore throat, or loss of appetite. People with a weak immune system may experience serious symptoms, such as infections in the eyes, brain, or heart. Most symptoms are mild and go away on their own, but if swelling and pain worsen, medical attention is needed.

Treatment of Cat Scratch Fever

Most cases of cat scratch fever do not require medical treatment. Rest, staying hydrated, and over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage symptoms. Applying a warm compress to swollen lymph nodes can also provide relief. Doctors may prescribe antibiotics to clear the infection, especially for people with a weak immune system who may require stronger medication. If symptoms last for a few weeks, a doctor should be consulted. Avoid self-medication, as proper medical advice is needed for a faster recovery.

How to Prevent Cat Scratch Fever?

Preventing cat scratch fever starts with proper pet care. Keeping cats indoors and using flea control products is important to reduce the risk of infection. Regular checkups ensure that your cat remains healthy and disease-free. People should wash their hands before and after playing with cats and avoid rough handling. If a cat scratch or bite occurs, the wound should be cleaned immediately with soap and water. It is important to trim your cat’s nails regularly. Teaching children to handle cats gently also reduces the risk. By following these steps, both humans and pets can stay safe.

When to See a Doctor

While most cases of cat scratch fever are mild, some people may require medical attention. If a scratch or bite becomes red, swollen, or filled with pus, a doctor should be consulted. Persistent fever and extreme fatigue can also indicate an infection. People with a weak immune system should seek medical care immediately, as they are at higher risk of complications. Early medical treatment ensures faster recovery and prevents serious health issues.

Therefore, proper care is essential for cat owners and their pets to stay safe and healthy.

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